"There are six topics in this competency: instructional strategies that will improve all components of fluency, accuracy, rate and prosody, specific strategies for building accuracy, building reading rate and prosody, meeting the needs of all learners and assessment of fluency." RICA pg. 69)
Examples
Fluency can always be improved when the teacher has the opportunity to work one on one with the student or in a small group. I have been in several classrooms where this is a daily activity that the teacher can do with select groups of students or maybe a tutor or reading teacher comes in to help. A text is first read to the student by the teacher, the student reads it back and finally the teacher gives feedback on what was read correctly, what could have been done differently and in what areas the student could improve on. This is great practice for the student becasue they are being immersed in that section of literature and they can see the text from all sides; how it looks, how it sounds, and what it actually means.
"According to the National Reading Panel (2000), repeated readings increase reading fluency... oral repeated readings provide additional sensory reinforcement for the reader, allowing him or her to focus on the prosodic elements of reading that are essential to phrasing." (Learning to Read pg. 283)
Differentiation
IF the student is struggling with fluency, THEN the teacher can implement repeated readings,which will help them retain knowledge regarding the literature. (pg. 70)
IF the student is struggling with their reading rate, THEN the teacher can have them whisper read, which will help them get used to saying the words at an appropriate pace. (pg. 71)
IF the student is already fluent, THEN the teacher can increase th e pace of instruction and challenge the student to become fluent with more complex readings. (pg. 72)
Assessments
Student will read out loud and teacher will record errors.
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